Since VMs are actual computer files, they can be snapshotted, replicated, copied to other physical machines, or even deleted. This isolation ensures that a VM can’t change the underlying settings of the host and, therefore, can’t affect other VMs. However, each VM only operates with the resources presented to it, completely unaware if other computers are accessing the resources it’s sharing. It’s typical to run multiple VMs on the same machine, so VMs can share the CPU, RAM, disk capacity, and the network bandwidth of the host computer. Virtual Machine General Architecture (type-1 virtualization) The VM, on the other hand, “thinks” the resources presented to it by the hypervisor are coming from a physical machine. A hypervisor is a specialized software program that runs on the physical host and interacts with both the host machine and the VM, abstracting the host computer’s resources to the VM. This abstraction layer is called a hypervisor. There’s a layer of abstraction between a VM and its physical host. However, VMs can’t directly access these hardware resources. As a result, it can process data just like any computer and, for all intents and purposes, be accessed by users while the physical machine provides the underlying hardware resources. Unlike the host computer it’s running on, a VM is not a physical machine, thus the designation of “virtual.” It does, however, have all the components of a physical computer system (CPU, RAM, disk, networking, and operating system) encapsulated in one or more files. A virtual machine (VM) is a fully-fledged, standalone operating environment running on a physical computer.
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